Night movement. The Soviet army does 30-40% of its training at night. At night sounds and light distort. Bobby traps, chemical warfare, etc. are more effective at night. Sound travels further at night. At night sound carries 1.5 miles-rifle shot, 600 yards-troop movements, 500 yards-rifle loading, 40 yards-1 man walking through the woods, 1,000 yards-digging. Rain, wind disguise sounds. Light. At night .5 miles-cigarette or match, 1.5 miles white flashlight, 4 miles campfire, 1.5 miles rifle flash, 3-5 miles-car headlights. From the air multiply the above by a factor of 2 or 3. A pilot sees darkness coming up from the ground. It's dark below sooner than it is above, this can be used to your advantage. Don't silloette yourself or movements on the skyline, check to see that your equipment doesn't reflect, or generate noise during rapid movement. Sophisticated infra-red search equipment can see your body heat in the dark, sophisticated night weaponry has just about eliminated secret night operations. One ploy is to shield your body heat with a "space blanket" as a last ditch effort to escape detection from infra-red search from above. Your body heat will look more like a small animal than a man if most heat is reflected by space blanket. For night operations your flashlight must have a red filter and a lanyard. Men have to be closer spaced during travel. Your security has to be 360 degree during movement AND DURING STOPPING!! If you have to scatter, have a fall back point (perhaps your last stop point or last major landmark or map feature). Move along, not across a shadow's line. While going through the woods, lift your foot high, put toe down first, test for noise generation (twigs, leaves, branches). All clothing must be tight, use rubber bands on leggings, to prevent swishing. Walk 10 paces and then stop & listen & look. Slowly move to fire postion, clear your postion of twigs, etc., feel your way down to the ground. Trip flares, mousetrap/flash-cubes, cans on a wire. You can make a "sound barrier" around your campsite by making a 6 to 8 foot area filled with twigs, leaves, branches, etc. that might not even be recognized as a trip-up system even while the enemy is moving through it. Most attacks come at 4AM when the guards are sleepiest. Good technique is to attempt to counter attack at dusk. You are in the woods, while the attackers are over-running your campsite. Take old socks and dye them black and slip over your boots for night travel. Have flashlight with a remote switch so if you turn on your light to illuminate a noise and the noise fires at the light, you won't be behind it. Simple example would be a doorbell button and 10-20' of wire on a lantern. On Face camo you can go for total coverage (causes more sweating) or partial, broken lines. Spandoflague or nets to break up your shape. A dot of "liquid paper" (white) applied to your front site help aiming. If your flashlight rattles, wrap paper or tape around the battery, particularily a problem with GI elbow heads.